Fang, Zhaoyi
Liu, Wenxin
Article History
Received: 28 January 2024
Accepted: 7 July 2024
First Online: 24 July 2024
Declarations
:
: All data were obtained through a request to the Online Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Central Distributor (available at: ), which administers the database (certificate HCUP-6CVV58M82). This study conforms to the NIS data-use agreement with HCUP. Because this study analyzed secondary data from the NIS database, patients and the public were not involved directly. The study protocol was submitted to the institutional review board (IRB) of our hospital, which exempted the study from IRB approval. Since all data in the NIS database are de-identified, the requirement for informed consent was also waived.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.