Yang, Maolin
Yang, Junjun
Wang, Xu
Wu, Zhangwei
Bian, Sijie
Sheng, Rui
Liao, Faxue
Qin, Kunpeng
Zhang, Chi
Yuan, Huaiping
Ding, Xiaoqin
Xie, Congying
Ma, Guangwen
Chang, Jun
Funding for this research was provided by:
Anhui Institute of translational medicine (2022zhyx-C90)
Foundation of Anhui Medical University (2020xkj209)
Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety (2024ZYJKB003)
Article History
Received: 22 December 2025
Accepted: 28 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The clinical component of this study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Anhui Provincial Public Health Clinical Center (approval number: PJ-YX2025-064). The caprine femoral specimens used in this biomechanical study were obtained as by-products from the abattoir. No live animals were sacrificed for the purpose of this research. Therefore, ethical approval from an institutional review board was not required for the biomechanical component of this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.