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Authors
Ren, Daixi
Yang, Mei
Mo, Yongzhen
Yan, Qijia
Shi, Lei
Zhang, Shanshan
Gong, Zhaojian
Guo, Can
Zhou, Ming
Xiang, Bo
Tan, Ming
Li, Guiyuan
Chen, Pan
Xiong, Wei
Zeng, Zhaoyang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Project of Central South University (1053320242771)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82472789)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82472711)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ20099)
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Article History
Received: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 28 February 2026
Declarations
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: The research project has been reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Central South University. Animal experiments were strictly conducted in accordance with the 3R principles proposed by the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science. The ethics committee reviewed the purpose of the animal study, the number of animals used, and the measures implemented to minimize all foreseeable pain and distress throughout the experimental procedures. The maximum permitted tumor size was 2000 mm 3 (approval no. CSU-2024-0328, 2024, Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee of Central South University). The use of human materials in this study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (approval no. CSU-CRI-IRB-2021-06, 2021) and complied with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
