Lin, Tai-Tu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8985-0364
Dakup, Panshak P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-7744
Schepmoes, Athena A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1365-106X
Fillmore, Thomas L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-589X
Swensen, Adam C.
Kelly, Shane S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6252-5895
Zhang, Tong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-2017
Pu, Jie
Jacobs, Jon M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-7338
DeLany, James P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-3849
Goodpaster, Bret H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1275-5147
Shi, Tujin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-3588
Qu, Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1346-6809
Qian, Wei-Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5393-2827
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK124020)
Article History
Received: 1 May 2026
Accepted: 6 July 2026
First Online: 26 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The clinical sample cohort is from the trial identifier: NCT00712127. Analysis of the de-identified samples in this study was qualified as non-human subject research by the IRB at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.