Kouda, Katsuyasu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0203-4824
Iki, Masayuki
Fujita, Yuki
Nakamura, Harunobu
Hamada, Masami
Uenishi, Kazuhiro
Miyake, Mari
Nishiyama, Toshimasa
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI JP22370092, KAKENHI JP26291100, KAKENHI JP19H04040, KAKENHI JP25650160)
Article History
Received: 11 May 2020
Accepted: 29 July 2020
First Online: 20 August 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The protocol of the present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kindai University Faculty of Medicine. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants and their parents or guardians received printed information regarding study procedures, including radiation exposure from DXA, and parents or guardians provided written consent prior to both surveys. Participants were also allowed to decline participation on their own accord at any time even during the surveys.
: Not applicable.
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.