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Progression of mild traumatic brain injury with intracranial hemorrhage: a retrospective study of associated factors in patients managed conservatively in the emergency department

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-026-01290-2

Published Online: 2026-07-11

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Chingthongkham, Supapitch

Tienpratarn, Welawat

Thongpuntair, Pawarisa

Chingthongkham, Supitcha

Wongwaisayawan, Sirote
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-07-11

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-07-11
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Article History

Received: 13 April 2026

Accepted: 29 June 2026

First Online: 11 July 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (COA No. MURA2025/13; January 6, 2025). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data. All procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice (ICH-GCP). All personal identifiers were removed and replaced with study identification numbers prior to analysis.

: Not applicable.

: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT and Grammarly for language editing and grammar checking. All content was reviewed and edited by the authors, who take full responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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