Nacis, Jacus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-7572
Labrador, Jason Paolo
Ronquillo, Diana Glades
Rementilla, John Chris
Rodriguez, Marietta
Madrid, Marilou
Frane, Ruby
Santos, Noelle Lyn
Dablo, Aurora Maria Francesca
Carrillo, Julianne Janine
Fernandez, Mikko Glen
Fanio, Diane Jane
Martirez, Debbie Ann
Paller, Malaya
Monje, Hannah Sancha
Cabigan, Rachelle Mae
Bausas, Angela Alexis
Agra, Gyra Marie
Bunhiyan, Reminda
van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J. B.
Gonzales, Gerard Bryan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Republic of the Philippines, Department of Budget and Management
Article History
Received: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 24 January 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) Institutional Ethics Review Committee (FIERC-2021-001), Taguig City, Philippines. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.