SaifulBahri, Shiraz Firdaus
Satish, Adrian Li-Siang
Abdul Azeez, Mohamed Esmail
Suppiah, Gautham
Liu, Christopher Zi Wei
Adnan, Maizatul Aisah
Chang, Kevin Yue Wei
Tay, Ju Fan
Toh, Charng Chee
Article History
Received: 18 December 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional medical research ethics committee, approval ID-24-03877-C9Q, dated 1/8/2025. All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrolment; consent procedures followed local and national regulations. For any participants unable to read, consent information was explained verbally in their preferred language before signature or thumbprint, in accordance with institutional policy.
: The authors declare no competing interests.