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Article History

Received: 30 May 2026

Accepted: 17 September 2026

First Online: 28 September 2026

Declarations

Ethical approval: The data used in this study were obtained from publicly available databases. Since these databases consist of anonymized data that is freely accessible to the public, no ethical approval or informed consent was required for this study. The data were used solely for research purposes and complied with the relevant ethical guidelines for the use of publicly available data.

Consent to publish: Not applicable

Informed consent: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.