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Authors
Zhang, Zhenyang
He, Yongqi
Zhao, Wei
Wei, Ran
Han, He
Zhan, Quanjun
Yu, Pengfei
Li, Sisi
Hou, Xiaoliang
Wang, Jianlan
Zhao, Qingbo
Fu, Yan
Chen, Zitao
Wang, Zhen
Pan, Yuchun
Wang, Qishan
Zhang, Zhe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5320-3125
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD1300404)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1001100)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1000500)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272832)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272833)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172691)
Sanya Science and Technology Innovation Project (2022KJCX49)
Special Fund Project for Science and Technology Innovation Strategy of Guangdong Province (ZDYF2024XDNY186)
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 31 March 2026
First Online: 26 April 2026
Declarations
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: The pigs used in this study were reared in a standard commercial breeding facility with adherence to routine animal husbandry practices and welfare guidelines. All procedures were conducted in accordance with local animal welfare regulations. As the data collection involved routine farm management practices without invasive procedures, no additional ethical approval was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that there are no competing interests.
