Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (11018979, 25840130, 25304017, 23570033, 17K19518)
Article History
Received: 22 June 2018
Accepted: 9 November 2018
First Online: 20 December 2018
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The ethics of this study was followed by the University of the Ryukyus Animal Care Board, and ethics in Zambia is not applicable because of below amphibians and reptiles. Collection of specimens of used in this study were followed international guidelines, and authority to transporting biological specimens were allowed by ministry of livestock and fisheries development, department of fisheries, Lake Tanganyika research unit, Mpulungu, Zambia.
: Does not apply.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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