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Authors
Hemstrom, William
Freedman, Micah
Zalucki, Myron P.
Miller, Michael
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NSF (2010658)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2024
Accepted: 25 April 2025
First Online: 7 May 2025
Declarations
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: Permits are not required to collect or raise monarch butterflies in Queensland, Australia. All samples were collected on land belonging to the University of Queensland, and thus did not need any additional permits.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
