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Article History

Received: 9 July 2018

Accepted: 21 September 2018

First Online: 16 October 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The animal sampling and experiments were carried out in accordance with the Canadian Council on Animal Care guidelines ( ). All the field studies and laboratory work were approved by the University of British Columbia Animal Ethics Committee (animal care permit A08–0388-010), and the DFO Pacific Region Animal Care Committee (animal care permit 2017–002 and 2017–020).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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