Xu, Hua
Wang, Xin
Wang, Zhikai
Li, Jianhui
Xu, Zhiming
Miao, Maohua
Chen, Guowu
Lei, Xiangdong
Wu, Jun
Shi, Huijuan
Wang, Ke
Zhang, Tiancheng
Sun, Xiaoxi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (17JC1400902)
Article History
Received: 27 June 2019
Accepted: 10 February 2020
First Online: 17 February 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research. All the participants in this study provided written informed consent. Sperm samples were collected from human and used in the study according to the approved protocols.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.