Document is current

Article History

Received: 19 December 2021

Accepted: 3 August 2022

First Online: 10 August 2022

Declarations

:

: According to the regulations of Wildlife Conservation of the People’s Republic of China (Chairman Decree (2016) No. 47), permits are required only for species included in the list of state-protected and region-protected wildlife species. None of the bats used in this study are endangered or region-protected species, so no specific permission is required. All animal experimental procedures were approved by the National Animal Research Authority of Northeast Normal University, China (approval number: Nenu-20080416), and the Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province, China (approval number: [2006] 178). All efforts were made to minimize the suffering of the animals. We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations mentioned above. We declare that this study is reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.

: All authors have agreed to publish this article.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.