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Article History

Received: 8 August 2023

Accepted: 28 November 2023

First Online: 4 December 2023

Declarations

:

: Permission was obtained from Environmental Protection Agency of Iran to collect scorpions of <i>A. crassicauda</i>, <i>H. saulcyi,</i> and <i>H. lepturus</i>. No animals were euthanized as part of this study and all sample collection methods and experimental procedures described herein were rigorously reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (Permit number IR.RVSRI.REC.1401.017) and AREEO protocols, which are in compliance with Iran guidelines for work with animals. This study also adheres to the ARRIVE Guidelines for reporting animal research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.