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Authors
Li, Tongyao
Xiong, Zijun
Liu, Yan
Zhao, Haiyan
Rong, Weiya
Chen, Yue
Chen, Gen
Cao, Lu
Liu, Qing
Song, Jing
Wang, Weiwei
Liu, Yu
Wang, Xian-Zong
Liu, Shao-Zhen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32302997)
Youth Project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023QC113)
Natural science foundation of Shanxi Province (202103021224136)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600416)
“1331 Project” Key Disciplines of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Province (J201911306)
Fishery Industrial Technology System of Shanxi Province (65721G0203010)
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Resource Utilization and Breeding
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Article History
Received: 24 July 2024
Accepted: 28 October 2024
First Online: 11 November 2024
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Animal Protection and Ethics Committee of Shanxi Agricultural University, approval number IACUC No. SXAU-EAW-2018G.R.0201. Throughout the experiment, all fish were anesthetized with MS-222 (1: 10,000) to minimize suffering as much as possible.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: MS-222 is a widely used anesthetic for aquatic animals, particularly in experimental research and euthanasia procedures that prioritize animal welfare. MS-222 effectively alleviates pain and stress in fish during experimental processes. When using MS-222 for anesthesia, it is first diluted to the recommended concentration (typically 25–30 g/m³) and then added to water that has been aerated for 24 h. The fish are immersed in this solution for 15–20 min, with observation until the desired anesthetic effect is achieved.
