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Authors
Chen, Ziming
Ong, Chian Teng
Nguyen, Loan To
Lamb, Harrison J.
González-Recio, O.
Gutiérrez-Rivas, M.
Meale, Sarah J.
Ross, Elizabeth M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Meat and Livestock Australia (P.PSH.2010)
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Article History
Received: 13 August 2024
Accepted: 28 April 2025
First Online: 19 May 2025
Declarations
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: Animal use in this study was approved by the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee under animal ethics numbers 2021/AE000991, 2022/AE000438 and 2021/AE000541 for samples sourced from Australia (2021/AE000991 for the Australian microbiome samples; 2022/AE000438 and 2021/AE000541 for the Australian bovine ear tissue samples), and by the Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development Ethics Committee (Neiker-OEBA-2017–004) on 28 March 2017, in accordance with Spanish Royal Decree 53/2013 for the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. Informed consents for all procedures in this study were obtained from the owners of the animals before sampling.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
