Gavery, Mackenzie R.
Vandepas, Lauren E.
Saunders, Lauren M.
Vadopalas, Brent
Luckenbach, J. Adam
Trapnell, Cole
Roberts, Steven
Funding for this research was provided by:
NOAA, Office of Aquaculture
Washington Sea Grant, University of Washington (NA18OAR4170095)
Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable as the bivalve species used in this study ( Crassostrea gigas ) does not require ethical permits. No permits were required for the collection of oysters from the hatchery.
: not applicable.
: CT is a scientific advisory board member, consultant and/or co-founder of Algen Biotechnologies, Altius Therapeutics and Scale Bioscience.