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Authors
Liu, Xuewei
Liu, Tianyong
Wang, Yihua
Dong, Hong
Li, Fuqiang
Qi, Xingshan
Luo, Yongming
Jiang, Yi
Ahmed, Zulfiqar
Lei, Chuzhao
Guo, Xiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1300100 and 2023YFD1300102)
China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-37)
Scientific Research Project of the Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration (2024ZYY2B023)
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
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: For this sampling, informed consent has been obtained from all farm owners, and this study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Northwest A&F University (FAPWCNWAFU, Protocol number: NWAFAC 1008) following the recommendation of the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals of China. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Ear tissue sampling was performed by professional veterinarians, and all efforts were made to minimize animal suffering.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
