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Authors
El-wahab, Tarek Essa Abd
Hafez, Elsayed E.
Bedewy, Mohammad Mohammad
Sherif, Ashraf S.
Gomaa, Marwa B. M.
El-Ansary, Ramy E.
Kandel, Mohamed
Ghania, Ayman M. M.
Abdel-Hameed, Khaled M. A.
Shaheen, Ahmed Ali
Saleh, Ahmed A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The work presented here was carried out in collaboration between all authors. T.E.A. conducted the breeding and morphological characterization of the Egyptian bee. A.A.S. , E.E.H. , A.S.S. , M.B.G. , R.E.E. , M.K. , and A.M.G. were responsible for software utilization, data analysis, and figure preparation. E.E.H. constructed the database. M.M.B. was involved in the collection and analysis of data and preparation of figures. A.A.S. drafted the original manuscript and wrote the initial draft. A.A.S. , E.E.H. , A.M.G. , K.M.A. , and A.Sh. contributed to revising and editing the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
: All sampling procedures in this experiment were supervised and approved by the National Research Centre Ethics Committee, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Egypt (Protocol No. DUFA-2025-4 ), in accordance with FAO ethical guidelines for invertebrate genomics.
