Tan, Mark K. I.
Billows, Nina
Divis, Paul C. S.
Daneshvar, Cyrus
Edgeworth, Jonathan
Singh, Janet Cox
Campino, Susana
Clark, Taane G.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/X018156/1)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/X018156/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/R020973/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/R020973/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/Y018842/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/Y018842/1)
Article History
Received: 20 July 2025
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for the study and recruitment process was granted by the Medical Research and Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health Malaysia, and the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. Approval for the use of whole blood samples was also obtained from the University of St Andrews Teaching and Research Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable.
: JE is employed part-time by Oxford Nanopore Technologies as VP Medical Affairs. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.