Kaboré, Honorine
Brenas, Jon
Kientega, Mahamadi
Traoré, Nouhoun
Pescod, Poppy
Sawadogo, Grégoire
Koutoucheva, Anastasia H.
Lanfrancotti, Alessandra
Namountougou, Moussa
Maiga, Hamidou
Nolan, Tony
Miles, Alistair
Clarkson, Chris S.
Diabaté, Abdoulaye
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Article History
Received: 30 March 2026
Accepted: 27 August 2026
First Online: 5 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The protocol of the sampling was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (32-2022/CEIRES). All the activities related to this paper did not require any other ethics approval.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.