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Article History

Received: 23 March 2023

Accepted: 29 August 2023

First Online: 9 September 2023

Declarations

:

: HH, OHL and AS are stakeholders and members of the board of Uute Scientific LtD which develops biodiversity-based interventions for the prevention of immune mediated diseases. In 2023, OHL receive 50% and IM 100% of their monthly salary from US. A.S., H.H. O.H.L., N.N. have been named as inventors in a patent application “immunomodulatory compositions” submitted by University of Helsinki (patent application number 20165932 at Finnish Patent and Registration Office). A.S. is named as an inventor in a patent application “Immunomodulatory gardening and landscaping material” submitted by University of Helsinki (patent application number 175196 at Finnish Patent and Registration Office). AS has received royalties from the patent application 20165932. All other authors don’t have any conflict/competing interest.

: This animal study and experiments were assessed and approved by the Tampere University Animal Facility Care and Use committee. Furthermore, all animal work was approved and performed under the Finnish Regional State Administrative Agency (AVI, Hämeenlinna, Finland) animal permit number ESAVI/971/2021. All experiments were performed in accordance to Directive 2010/63/EU in Europe and Tampere University Animal facility regulation.

: Not applicable.