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Authors
Yu, Kuang-Hui
Chao, Chiao-Hsuan
Wang, Wei-Ting
Chen, Ding-Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-6010
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (NSTC 115-2314-B-182A-104)
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (NSTC 114-2320-B-715-007)
Mackay Medical College (MMC-RD-112-2A-P002)
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou (BMRPA81)
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Article History
Received: 13 May 2026
Accepted: 24 August 2026
First Online: 2 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (ID 202300764B0). All study subjects provided informed consent, and the study was conducted following relevant guidelines and regulations.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
