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Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli: a cross sectional and ecological study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1576-6

Published Online: 2019-09-12

Published Print: 2019-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Afema, Josephine A.

Davis, Margaret A.

Sischo, William M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3433-3439
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

U.S. Department of Agriculture (NIFA 2015-68003-22998, Hatch Project 1016366)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2019-09-12

Version of Record valid from 2019-09-12
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Article History

Received: 12 December 2018

Accepted: 25 August 2019

First Online: 12 September 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) number 04761. The proprietors of the farm gave us permission to conduct the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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