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Authors
Renzi, Sonia
Meriggi, Niccolò
Paola, Monica Di
Bacci, Giovanni
Cerasuolo, Benedetta
Gori, Agnese
Casari, Silene
Banci, Elena
de Blasi, Alessia
Diallo, Salou
Kabore, Berenger
Derra, Karim
Tinto, Halidou
De Filippo, Carlotta
De Mast, Quirijn
Lionetti, Paolo
Cavalieri, Duccio
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bando Salute 2018 RISKCROHNBIOM project (G84I18000160002)
Joint Programming Initiative, Eranet Cofound, a Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (JPI-HDHL), TRANSMIC project ( (29051018)
Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (CUP E93C23006590006)
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Article History
Received: 11 March 2024
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 16 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. In Burkina Faso, the study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the National Ethics Committee of Burkina Faso that granted ethical clearance (reference number 2018-8-104). For the Italian families, the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Meyer Children Hospital, Florence, Italy (reference number 187/2018). Adult participants gave their informed consent. Parents or primary caregivers signed off on children under the age of 18. Confidentiality was maintained for data and sample collection by assigning each participant an identifying code.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
