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Authors
Zhou, Jian
Gu, Tao
Zhou, Jingzhu
Zeng, Xiaoxiao
Liu, Ying
Chen, Fengming
Hu, Yong
Li, Shijun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guizhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (Guo Jikong Zong Ren Han 2024122)
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Article History
Received: 31 May 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (approval number: G2019-01) and adhered to ethical guidelines for the use of wildlife. Traps were set overnight and retrieved the following morning. Experienced operators performed cervical dislocation to euthanize live mice (weight < 200 g), ensuring a rapid and painless process. This method of euthanasia is recommended in animal euthanasia guidelines in China and the United States. As the animals used in this study were wild-caught and not privately owned, informed consent from an owner was not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
