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Article History

Received: 13 May 2025

Accepted: 28 August 2025

First Online: 6 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was ethically approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University (09H2025). Permission was received from the hospital administration to utilize the samples for research purposes. Other patient identifier information was kept confidential. Clinical samples were collected as part of routine laboratory analysis to check for potential infections in referred and admitted patients and not as a part of this study. Therefore, written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University.The consent to participate was clarified in the Ethics approval and consent to participate’ section as Informed consent to participate was not obtained from the participants by our side as the obtained samples were collected and identified inside the hospital according to the hospital regulations. The current study was in compliance and adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.