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Article History

Received: 10 May 2025

Accepted: 22 September 2025

First Online: 10 October 2025

Declarations

:

: All samples in this study were obtained from routine clinical practice at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participating patients, authorizing the use of their clinical data for research purposes and publication. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Approval No. B2020-411), and all procedures were conducted in strict accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. As this study does not constitute a clinical trial, clinical trial registration was not required.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.