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Authors
Ghamari, Mahsa
Jabalameli, Fereshteh
Emaneini, Mohammad
Beigverdi, Reza
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (approval code: IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1400.912). Sampling and data collection were conducted in accordance with the committee’s regulations and ethical standards. The Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences reviewed the study and waived the requirement for informed consent, as it was a retrospective analysis involving only anonymized bacterial isolates and did not include any direct human participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
