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Authors
Cui, Xiaodi
Tian, Enyuan
Zhu, Bo
Liu, Ke
Feng, Liya
Shi, Xiaohong
Chen, Liang
Ma, Luyu
Hao, Mingju
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Clinical & Medical Science and Technology Innovation Program of Jinan, Shandong Province (202134040)
Cultivate Fund from The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital (QYPY2022NSFC0802)
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Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 17 October 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics committee approval of this study was obtained from the institutional review board (IRB) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. This project did not affect the normal diagnosis and treatment of the patient; after consultation with the IRB of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, formal written patient consent was not required (ethics approval number 2024–127).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
