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Authors
Zhang, Ruiming
Wang, Baoyan
Li, Yixuan
Li, Jing
Dong, Xiangge
Zhan, Jiuyu
Yu, Xin
Liu, Yang
Yu, Jiayu
Jiang, Linlin
Zhang, Jianlong
Zhu, Hongwei
Zhang, Xingxiao
Li, Youzhi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2023MC049)
the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2024MC148)
the Shandong Province Poultry Industry Technology System (SDAIT-11-10)
the Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province (2022CXPT022)
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Article History
Received: 5 September 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Declarations
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: Animals were handled according to the protocol reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Ludong University (protocol No.: LDU-IACUC2019007).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
