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Article History

Received: 24 September 2025

Accepted: 9 February 2026

First Online: 16 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of North Tehran Islamic Azad University (reference number IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1400_096). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Confidentiality and anonymity of participant data were strictly maintained throughout the research process.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.