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Authors
Verbrugghe, Elin
Pasmans, Frank
Martel, An
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Research Council Executive Agency action (101096163 - GLOSSI)
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the collection of skin samples post euthanasia was waived by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (Ghent University). According to EU Directive 2010/63/EU, a “procedure” is defined as any use of an animal that may cause pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm, but this definition explicitly excludes the killing of animals solely for the use of their organs or tissues. The animals used in this study were captive-bred. Since no privately owned animals were involved, informed consent was not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
