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Authors
Attia, Noha A.
Sonbol, Fatma I.
Abo-Kamar, Amal M.
Al-Madboly, Lamiaa A.
Abdelaziz, Ahmed A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tanta University
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Article History
Received: 26 July 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 13 April 2026
Declarations
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: All experimental procedures were performed in compliance with the ethical standards and regulations of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University and in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. This study included A. baumannii clinical isolates recovered from human-derived specimens (e.g., sputum, endotracheal aspirates, wound exudates, abscesses, and blood) collected as part of routine clinical care. Isolates were provided to the research team as anonymized bacterial cultures with no access to patient identifiers or clinical data. The Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University approved the study and waived the requirement for informed consent due to the use of anonymized samples and minimal risk. Regarding the animal experiments, the same committee reviewed and approved the infection protocol and experimental procedures (approval code TP / RE/5/25 p-002).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
