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Authors
Chen, Xiao-lan
Zhong, Hua-min
Xie, Yong-qiang
Chen, Wen-shan
Wei, Li-Jia
Gao, Kan-kan
Liang, Bing-shao
Zhu, Su-fei
Liu, Yun-feng
Gao, Fei
Long, Yan
Huang, Lian-fen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangzhou Science, Technology and Innovation Commission & Guangzhou Children and Women Medical Center (2023A03J0927)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2026A1515012832)
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Article History
Received: 27 February 2026
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, China (approval no. 2025120A01). Individual consent for participation was waived by the IRB of Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Women and Children’s Medical Center due to the retrospective nature of the study. All clinical data were anonymized and de-identified.
Consent for publication: Not applicable, as the manuscript contains no individual person’s data (e.g., images, videos, or personal details) that would require consent for publication.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
