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Authors
Zhang, Jiantong
Wang, Yilin
Duan, Xiaowen
Wang, Ran
Wang, Yifei
Lou, Fangrui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Committee (ZR2024MD076)
Observation and Research Station of Bohai Strait Eco-Corridor, MNR (BH202401)
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Accepted: 2 June 2026
First Online: 8 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The use of animals in this study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Yantai University. All procedures complied with ethical standards as the species involved are non-protected and the research raised no ethical concerns.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
