Mi, Jie
Dong, Ying
Xu, Zongyi
Liang, Yan
Wu, Xueqiong
Liang, Jianqin
Funding for this research was provided by:
Capitals Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2024-2-5094)
Article History
Received: 16 December 2025
Accepted: 10 June 2026
First Online: 1 July 2026
Declarations
:
: This retrospective study was conducted among hospitalized patients and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the 8th Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital (approval number: 309202109061503). This was a retrospective study that involved no patient identifiers; therefore, the Ethics Committee of the 8th Medical Center of PLA General Hospital waived the requirement for written informed consent. However, our study complies with Helsinkiā²s Ethical Principles for Medical Research.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.