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Article History

Received: 27 April 2026

Accepted: 9 July 2026

First Online: 14 July 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Ethics Committee (reference 136/22). All experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. No human biological material or identifiable patient data were directly used in this study. Only bacterial isolates from the Microbiology Service collection, originally obtained from blood cultures of hospitalized patients, were analysed. In accordance with institutional requirements, studies involving clinical isolates derived from patient samples must undergo this approval. Patient informed consent was waived by the Research Ethics Committee (CEI) of Ramón y Cajal University Hospital.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.