Yingxing, Li
Lina, Guo
Fangyuan, Li
Jie, Li
Wenting, Guo
Hongmei, Zhao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Peking Union Medical College Hospital Talent Cultivation Program (UHB12044)
Article History
Received: 29 April 2026
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 22 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Xintai Second People’s Hospital, Tai’an, China (reference number 2026-LLYJ-01-01). Patient data were fully de-identified before analysis, and the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board because of the retrospective nature of the study. All procedures involving human data were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional guidelines and regulations.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.