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Authors
Kazmi, Hafiz Muhammad Obaid
Suleman, Muhammad Umer https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5066-9892
Maqsood, Syeda Iqra
Khan, Shahbaz Azam https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8650-6354
Khadam, Iqra
Khattak, Saima Mumtaz
Khalil, Umer https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3835-348X
Mursaleen, Muhammad https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3425-8841
Jami, Muhammad Mustafeez Waheed
Javed, Sumaira
Ullah, Najeeb
Ikram, Muhammad
Alqumbaey, Marwan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8688-9556
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2026
Accepted: 26 June 2026
First Online: 28 June 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Khyber Medical University Advance Studies & Research Board (Approval No. DIRJKMU-AS&RB/GA/002952, dated 16-10-2024). The research was conducted in compliance with national and international ethical standards for animal research, specifically observing the Animal Welfare Act (AWA), the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy, and the principles of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement).
: Not applicable. This study involved animal subjects only.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
