Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41806175)
Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory Youth Foundation (YQ2018NO06)
Shandong Key Research and Development Program (2018GHY115023)
Joint Research Project between China and Japan (No. 2017YFE0130900)
Article History
Received: 23 January 2020
Accepted: 29 April 2020
First Online: 11 June 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: <i>S. japonica</i> sporophytes “Yanza” were collected from cultivated rafts in Gaolv Aquatic Company in Rongcheng, Shandong, China. All sample collection activities have been approved by the head of the company. Prof. Delin Duan had undertook the formal identification of the plant material used in our study. The remaining samples are kept in our laboratory − 80 °C refrigerator. The authors declare the compliance with institutional, national and international guidelines. The experiment was environmentally friendly and had no negative effects on the local ecosystem.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.