Liu, Jia
Yuan, Qiang
Zhang, Kejie
Sheng, Xiaoxiao
Zhu, Zixuan
Sui, Ning
Wang, Hui
Funding for this research was provided by:
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Research Projects (2023RCZXZK56)
Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project (2026080139)
Zhejiang Province “Three Rural and Nine Directions” Agricultural Science and Technology Co-operation Program Project (2024SNJF035)
Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program: Vanguard and Leading Goose Initiative (2025C01133)
National Traditional Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Reform Demonstration Zone Science and Technology Joint Construction Project (GZY-KJS-ZJ-2025-032)
Zhejiang Province Special Support Program for High-Level Talents: Leading Talents Project in Technology Innovation (2023R5255)
Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 11 November 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors affirmed that the experimental research involving plants, including the gathering of plant material, adheres to pertinent institutional, national, and international guidelines and legislation. No particular permits were necessary for the field experiments or for the seed collection. Neither endangered nor protected species were used in the field experiments. Permission for the collection of C. yanhusuo for field research was obtained from Zhejiang Zhennong Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd. Zhejiang Zhennong Chinese Medicine Technology Co., Ltd. is a collaborative entity of Zhejiang Province “Three Rural and Nine Directions” Agricultural Science and Technology Co-operation Program Project (2024SNJF035). The seeds of C. yanhusuo are available upon request to the corresponding author. The voucher specimen, identified by Shuili Zhang, is archived at the Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control with the code ZJ00100157.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.