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Article History

Received: 14 May 2018

Accepted: 12 October 2018

First Online: 24 October 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Since our study was in the category of non-interventional clinical research with its retrospective structure, the Ethical approval was not sought for the present study. This is in line with the National Code of Clinical Research which is recently published on 13th April 2013 [].This study adhered to the principles in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008.A written informed consent was obtained either from the participants or their relatives before their admission to ICU as a routine procedure and in this informed consent, it is clearly stated that the data may be used in retrospective studies anonymously. An extra formal consent other than this consent was not required for the current study because of the non-interventional, retrospective design. It was a case-control medical record review.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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