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Authors
Lv, Shenjuan
Sun, Ning
Hao, Chunhui
Li, Junqing
Li, Yun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Natural Science Foundation (ZR2021QH031)
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Article History
Received: 10 November 2024
Accepted: 28 March 2025
First Online: 10 April 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of both Jinan Second Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Approval No. 2022-lw-301) and Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Approval No. SDPP-158), ensuring compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All patient data were anonymized to maintain confidentiality and protect patient privacy.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
