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Authors
Liu, Yifei
Liu, Liduan
Zhou, Mi
Wang, Jianzhong
Shu, Aihua
Jiang, Jianli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Fund Project of Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Department (2022CFC044)
Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Education Department (B2021029)
Three Gorges University Teaching Reform Research project (No. J2023075)
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Article History
Received: 7 April 2024
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of First People’s Hospital of Yichang (the People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges University) (Ethics Approval Number: PJ-KY2022-35) and registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300073162). All participants provided written informed consent for participation in this study. Additionally, written informed consent was obtained from patients to publish any potentially identifiable images or data included in this article.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The author declares no conflict of interest.
