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Authors
Wang, Yuxin
Xue, Xiang
Liu, Yingge
Fan, Qiannan
Wang, Xinxin
Li, Yujie
Yan, Fang
Zhang, Xiaobao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology
Wu Jieping Medical Foundation
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Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: This randomized controlled trial adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University (identifier: KY-20220826001–02). This study obtained informed consent from all participants.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
