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Authors
Cheng, Yang
Mao, Li-Si
Wang, De-Ming
Liu, Wen-Jie
Wang, Yan
Liu, Kun
Peng, Xu-Yang
He, Jia-Wen
Li, Rui-Yan
Shen, Ting
Chen, Ying
Yang, Yi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ81022, 2023JJ60353, 2025JJ81005)
Health Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission (B202317018313, 202217014497)
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Article History
Received: 3 May 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 19 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China (approval number: 2024006). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the committee due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of de-identified patient data. All methods were conducted in accordance with relevant institutional and national guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
