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Authors
Morakul, Sunthiti
Charernboon, Thammanard
Patumanond, Jayanton
Sombatthaveekul, Pakjira
Eowsakul, Nattanit
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 28 June 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was reviewed and approved by the Committee on Human Rights Related to Research Involving Human Subjects, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (Protocol ID 05-61-85; approval number MURA2018/400; date of approval: June 14, 2018). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board due to the retrospective nature of the study and according to the national regulations of Thailand. Data were accessed in June 2018 after ethics approval. All data were fully anonymized before being accessed by the investigators. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
